Fig. 2

Isolation and identification of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from plasma. Electron microscopy images of EVs were observed through a transmission electron microscopy (stripes = 100 nm) (A). The particle size and concentration of EVs were measured using nanoflow cytometry (B-E). Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of EV protein markers CD9, TSG101, and the expression of a non-EV marker calnexin, with 293T cells used as a negative control (F) (M: Marker; C: 293T cells; EBF: before metformin treatment; EAF: after metformin treatment)