Table 1 Potential biomarkers found in follicular fluid extracellular vesicles (exosome-like vesicles) from patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Types of molecule | Potential biomarker(s) | Comparision | EV isolation method | EV characterization techniques | Detection technique | Sample size | Total number differentially expressed | Reference | Year of publication | Complete reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
lncRNAs | ↑ AC073140.1, AC007614.1, CDC42-AS1 ↓ AC027020.2 | Lean PCOS v. Lean non-PCOS | Differential centrifugation and Exoquick precipitation | NTA | RNASeq | 20 | 3 upregulated 1 downregulated | PMID: 37,404,312 | 2023 | Wyse BA, Salehi R, Russell SJ, Sangaralingam M, Jahangiri S, Tsang BK, Librach CL. Obesity and PCOS radically alters the snRNA composition of follicular fluid extracellular vesicles. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Jun 19;14:1,205,385. https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.3389/fendo.2023.1205385. PMID: 37,404,312; PMCID: PMC10315679 |
miRNAs | ↑ miR-509-3p, miR-3655-5p, miR-30a-5p | Lean PCOS v. Lean non-PCOS | Differential centrifugation and Exoquick precipitation | NTA | RNASeq | 20 | 6 upregulated 0 downregulated | PMID: 37,404,312 | 2023 | Wyse BA, Salehi R, Russell SJ, Sangaralingam M, Jahangiri S, Tsang BK, Librach CL. Obesity and PCOS radically alters the snRNA composition of follicular fluid extracellular vesicles. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Jun 19;14:1,205,385. https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.3389/fendo.2023.1205385. PMID: 37,404,312; PMCID: PMC10315679 |
lncRNAs | ↑ AC092944.1, AC007848.1, AC114811.2 ↓ CRNDE, CDC42-AS1 | Obese PCOS v. Obese non-PCOS | Differential centrifugation and ExoQuick precipitation | NTA | RNASeq | 15 | 8 upregulated 2 downregulated | PMID: 37,404,312 | 2023 | Wyse BA, Salehi R, Russell SJ, Sangaralingam M, Jahangiri S, Tsang BK, Librach CL. Obesity and PCOS radically alters the snRNA composition of follicular fluid extracellular vesicles. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Jun 19;14:1,205,385. https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.3389/fendo.2023.1205385. PMID: 37,404,312; PMCID: PMC10315679 |
miRNAs | ↑ miR-6500-3p ↓ miR-3655-5p | Obese PCOS v. Obese non-PCOS | Differential centrifugation and ExoQuick precipitation | NTA | RNASeq | 15 | 1 upregulated 1 downregulated | PMID: 37,404,312 | 2023 | Wyse BA, Salehi R, Russell SJ, Sangaralingam M, Jahangiri S, Tsang BK, Librach CL. Obesity and PCOS radically alters the snRNA composition of follicular fluid extracellular vesicles. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Jun 19;14:1,205,385. https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.3389/fendo.2023.1205385. PMID: 37,404,312; PMCID: PMC10315679 |
miRNAs | ↓ miR-379-5p | PCOS v. Normal | Differential centrifugation and ExoQuick precipitation | NTA,WB | qPCR | 38 | N/A | PMID: 37,033,997 | 2023 | Salehi R, Asare-Werehene M, Wyse BA, Abedini A, Pan B, Gutsol A, Jahangiri S, Szaraz P, Burns KD, Vanderhyden B, Li J, Burger D, Librach CL, Tsang BK. Granulosa cell-derived miR-379-5p regulates macrophage polarization in polycystic ovarian syndrome. Front Immunol. 2023 Mar 24;14:1,104,550. https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1104550. PMID: 37,033,997; PMCID: PMC10081157 |
miRNAs | ↑ miR-3131, mir-206, miR-204-5p ↓ miR-539-5p, miR-379-3p, miR-655-3p | PCOS v. Normal | Ultracentrifugation | TEM, NTA, WB | RNASeq | 6 | 267 upregulated 247 downregulated | PMID: 36,695,944 | 2023 | Yang Y, Lang P, Zhang X, Wu X, Cao S, Zhao C, Shen R, Ling X, Yang Y, Zhang J. Molecular characterization of extracellular vesicles derived from follicular fluid of women with and without PCOS: integrating analysis of differential miRNAs and proteins reveals vital molecules involving in PCOS. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2023 Mar;40(3):537–552. https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.1007/s10815-023-02724-z. Epub 2023 Jan 25. PMID: 36,695,944; PMCID: PMC10033803 |
proteins | ↑ GSTM2, SAMD9L, CDHR2 ↓ DHCR7, NSDHL, IGKC | PCOS v. Normal | Ultracentrifugation | TEM, NTA, WB | Tandem mass tagging (TMT) | 6 | 9 upregulated 23 downregulated | PMID: 36,695,944 | 2023 | Yang Y, Lang P, Zhang X, Wu X, Cao S, Zhao C, Shen R, Ling X, Yang Y, Zhang J. Molecular characterization of extracellular vesicles derived from follicular fluid of women with and without PCOS: integrating analysis of differential miRNAs and proteins reveals vital molecules involving in PCOS. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2023 Mar;40(3):537–552. https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.1007/s10815-023-02724-z. Epub 2023 Jan 25. PMID: 36,695,944; PMCID: PMC10033803 |
miRNAs | ↑ miR-143-3p ↓ miR-155-5p | PCOS v. Normal | Qiagen exoEasy | TEM, NTA, WB | RNASeq | 12 | 44 upregulated 39 downregulated | PMID: 35,534,864 | 2022 | Cao J, Huo P, Cui K, Wei H, Cao J, Wang J, Liu Q, Lei X, Zhang S. Follicular fluid-derived exosomal miR-143-3p/miR-155-5p regulate follicular dysplasia by modulating glycolysis in granulosa cells in polycystic ovary syndrome. Cell Commun Signal. 2022 May 9;20(1):61. https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.1186/s12964-022-00876-6. Erratum in: Cell Commun Signal. 2022 Aug 1;20(1):116. PMID: 35,534,864; PMCID: PMC9082924 |
miRNAs | ↑ miR-3960 ↓ miR-424-5p, miR-377-3p, miR-10_21456 | PCOS v. Normal | ExoQuick precipitation | TEM, NTA, WB | Microarray | 8 | 19 upregulated 6 downregulated | PMID: 33,930,499 | 2021 | Yuan D, Luo J, Sun Y, Hao L, Zheng J, Yang Z. PCOS follicular fluid derived exosomal miR-424-5p induces granulosa cells senescence by targeting CDCA4 expression. Cell Signal. 2021 Sep;85:110,030. https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110030. Epub 2021 Apr 28. PMID: 33,930,499 |
miRNA | qRT-PCR: ↑ miR-3148, miR-4271, miR-3646, miR-3976, miR-4481, miR-34a-5p, miR-15b-5p | PCOS v. Normal | ExoQuick precipitation | TEM, WB | Microarray | 60 | 27 upregulated 41 downregulated | PMID: 33,840,620 | 2021 | Cui C, Wang J, Han X, Wang Q, Zhang S, Liang S, Li H, Meng L, Zhang C, Chen H. Identification of small extracellular vesicle-linked miRNA specifically derived from intrafollicular cells in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Reprod Biomed Online. 2021 May;42(5):870–880. https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.02.002. Epub 2021 Feb 8. PMID: 33,840,620 |
lncRNAs | ↑ H19, POP4, DICER, PTEN, AKT3, HDAC6 | PCOS v. Normal | Differential centrifugation and total exosome isolation reagent | None | RNASeq | 6 | 1253 upregulated 613 downregulated | PMID: 33,679,867 | 2021 | Wang L, Fan H, Zou Y, Yuan Q, Hu X, Chen X, Zhu C, Zhang X, Cui H. Aberrant Expression of Long Non-coding RNAs in Exosomes in Follicle Fluid From PCOS Patients. Front Genet. 2021 Feb 17;11:608,178. https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.3389/fgene.2020.608178. PMID: 33,679,867; PMCID: PMC7925891 |
miRNAs | ↑ miR-200c-3p, miR-10a-5p, miR-100-5p ↓ miR-17-5p | PCOS v. Oocyte donors | Size exclusion chromatography | TEM, NTA, WB | RNASeq | 15 | 0 in EVs, 5 upregulated and 5 downregulated in EV free FF, and 17 upregulated and 13 downregulated in GCs | PMID: 33,333,986 | 2020 | Rooda I, Hasan MM, Roos K, Viil J, Andronowska A, Smolander OP, Jaakma Ü, Salumets A, Fazeli A, Velthut-Meikas A. Cellular, Extracellular and Extracellular Vesicular miRNA Profiles of Pre-Ovulatory Follicles Indicate Signaling Disturbances in Polycystic Ovaries. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 15;21(24):9550. https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.3390/ijms21249550. PMID: 33,333,986; PMCID: PMC7765449 |
miRNAs | ↑ miR-6087, miR-4745-3p, miR-193b-3p ↓ miR-200c-3p, miR-3911, miR-141-3p | PCOS v. Normal | Ultracentrifugation | TEM, Flow cytometry | RNASeq | 4 | Selected 10 upregulated and 10 downregulated | PMID: 32,117,643 | 2020 | Hu J, Tang T, Zeng Z, Wu J, Tan X, Yan J. The expression of small RNAs in exosomes of follicular fluid altered in human polycystic ovarian syndrome. PeerJ. 2020 Feb 19;8:e8640. https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.7717/peerj.8640. PMID: 32,117,643; PMCID: PMC7035867 |
piRNAs | ↑ piR_004506, piR_019068, piR_013624 ↓ piR_022506, piR_015800, piR_008113 | PCOS v. Normal | Ultracentrifugation | TEM, Flow cytometry | RNASeq | 4 | Selected 10 upregulated and 10 downregulated | PMID: 32,117,643 | 2020 | Hu J, Tang T, Zeng Z, Wu J, Tan X, Yan J. The expression of small RNAs in exosomes of follicular fluid altered in human polycystic ovarian syndrome. PeerJ. 2020 Feb 19;8:e8640. https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.7717/peerj.8640. PMID: 32,117,643; PMCID: PMC7035867 |
tRNA | ↑ trna12-ValAAC, trna152-ValCAC, trna5-GluTTC ↓ trna116-GluCTC, trna4-GluCTC, trna74-GluCTC | PCOS v. Normal | Ultracentrifugation | TEM, Flow cytometry | RNASeq | 4 | Selected 10 upregulated and 10 downregulated | PMID: 32,117,643 | 2020 | Hu J, Tang T, Zeng Z, Wu J, Tan X, Yan J. The expression of small RNAs in exosomes of follicular fluid altered in human polycystic ovarian syndrome. PeerJ. 2020 Feb 19;8:e8640. https://doiorg.publicaciones.saludcastillayleon.es/10.7717/peerj.8640. PMID: 32,117,643; PMCID: PMC7035867 |