Fig. 9

Estradiol level in culture medium of different groups following treatment with MenSCs-EXO and MenSCs. Estradiol levels were significantly lower in PCOS compared to control. Treatment with both MenSCs and MenSCs-EXO led to a substantial increase in estradiol production in PCOS granulosa cells. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. a = P ≤ 0.007 vs PCOS; b = P ≤ 0.0001 vs Control + PCOS and c = P ≤ 0.012 vs PCOS