Table 1 Baseline characteristics of PCOS women in the NAC group and control groups
Characteristic | NAC group n = 113 | Control group n = 112 | p value | t or U value /Z value | 95% CI /Risk ratio (95% CI) | Effect size* (Cohen’s d/r/ φ/Cramér’s V) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 28.50 (2.81) | 28.02(2.99) | 0.2092 | 1.259 | -1.25-0.27 | 0.18 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.36(20.70, 26.24) | 24.17(22.04, 27.04) | 0.1748 | 5665 | -0.35-1.70 | -0.09 |
Infertility duration (months) | 12.00(6.00, 23.50) | 12.00(6.00, 23.50) | 0.6573 | 6113 | -3.00-1.00 | -0.03 |
Serum basal FSH (mIU/ml) | 6.05(1.50) | 5.79(1.63) | 0.2284 | 1.208 | -1.59-0.66 | 0.16 |
Serum basal LH(mIU/ml) | 8.12(4.75, 12.08) | 9.61(6.13, 13.79) | 0.0724 | 5451 | -0.12-2.69 | -0.12 |
LH/FSH ratio | 1.66(1.25, 2.45) | 1.64(1.10, 2.41) | 0.3366 | 5805 | -0.33-0.12 | -0.17 |
Serum basal E2(pg/ml) | 33.71(26.00, 45.33) | 35.35(26.00, 46.08) | 0.4381 | 5841 | -2.19-4.92 | -0.05 |
Testosterone (ng/mL) | 0.54(0.40, 0.78) | 0.58(0.42, 0.84) | 0.3098 | 5516 | -0.04-0.11 | -0.07 |
Prolactin (ng/ml) | 13.89(10.96, 19.04) | 13.19(10.45, 19.35) | 0.4698 | 5186 | -2.16-1.00 | -0.05 |
The proportion of hyperprolactinemia (> 30 ng/ml) %(n)# | 7.96% (9/113) | 6.25% (7/112) | 0.617 | 0.25 | 1.30(0.47–3.62) | 0.02 |
AMH (ng/ml) | 8.76(6.17, 11.76) | 8.40(6.04, 11.13) | 0.7751 | 6188 | -1.13-0.86 | -0.02 |
HOMA-IR | 3.27(2.42, 4.73) | 3.28(2.21, 4.83) | 0.8925 | 6262 | -0.47-0.40 | -0.01 |
The proportion of women with insulin resistance (HOMA-IR > 2.69) | 67.26% (76/113) | 65.18% (73/112) | 0.742 | 0.109 | 1.10(0.63–1.91) | 0.01 |
Fasting insulin (mIU/L) | 14.14(10.87, 20.58) | 14.02(10.20, 21.00) | 0.8633 | 6188 | -1.87-1.57 | -0.01 |
Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 5.20 (4.90, 5.50) | 5.20 (4.90, 5.50) | 0.7856 | 6195 | -0.10-0.10 | -0.02 |
Menses, %(n) | ||||||
 Oligomenorrhoea | 40.71% (46/113) | 42.86% (48/112) | 0.353 | -0.062 | - | 0.004 |
 Amenorrhoea | 7.08% (8/113) | 10.71% (12/112) | ||||
 Irregular | 41.59% (47/113) | 41.07% (46/112) | ||||
 Regular | 10.61% (12/113) | 5.36% (6/112) | ||||
 Primary infertility, %(n) | 80.53% (91/113) | 75.89% (85/112) | 0.399 | 0.71 | 1.31(0.70–2.48) | 0.05 |
 Primiparity, %(n) | 92.04% (104/113) | 91.96% (103/112) | 0.984 | 0 | 1.01(0.39–2.65) | 0 |