Fig. 6
hUC-MSCs-EVs suppress excessive autophagy and injury of GCs and improved ovarian function in mice suffering from POI through the IGF-1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway
A: Immunohistochemistry detected GCs positive to IGF-1, FSHR, LC3 and Beclin-1; B: H&E staining displayed ovarian histopathological changes, with the numbers of total follicles and follicles at all levels (comprising primary, secondary, primordial, atretic and mature follicles) statistically analyzed; D: serum E2, FSH, LH, and AMH levels were detected by ELISA; E: Western blot quantified Nrf2 (nuclear), Nrf2 (cytoplasm), and HO-1 protein expression; F: ROS, MDA, and GSH levels were assayed by kits; G: LDH detection was used to indicate GC death. N = 6, and the data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Data comparisons among multiple groups were performed by one-way analysis of variance, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001. hUC-MSCs-EV, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles; E2, estradiol; FSH, follicle stimulating hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; AMH, anti-mullerian tubular hormone; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1; GCs, granulosa cells; ROS, reactive oxygen species; MDA, malondialdehyde; GSH, glutathione; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; Nrf2/HO-1, nuclear factor E2 related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1