Fig. 1

(A) Alpha diversity analysis: women with PCOS (n = 21) vs. healthy controls (n = 10); statistical confidence for the sample grouping was assessed using permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA); Observed (P = 0.04), ACE (P = 0.03), Simpson (P = 0.04), and Shannon (P = 0.06). (B) Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) of bacterial communities based on Bray-Curtis distance, comparison between women with PCOS (n = 21) and healthy controls (n = 10) (P = 0.04 by analysis of similarities, ANOSIM)