Fig. 6

mRNA Subtypes and Immune Cell Interactions in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment (TIME) present in HGSOC. This schematic represents the interactions between distinct mRNA subtypes (proliferative, mesenchymal, and immunoreactive) and the immune microenvironment in HGSOC tumors. Key immune cell populations, including B cells, macrophages, Th1 cells, and Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs), are depicted in relation to their transcriptional signatures and subtype-specific gene expression. The proliferative subtype shows elevated expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation, driving tumor growth. CAFs and macrophages in this subtype promote extracellular matrix remodeling and tumor invasion, with proliferative gene signatures influencing immune suppression within the TIME. The mesenchymal subtype is characterized by high infiltration of CAFs and M2 macrophages, supporting aggressive invasion and matrix remodeling. This subtype is linked to poor prognosis, with CAF-driven pathways enhancing immune evasion. The immunoreactive subtype features high levels of B and Th1 cells, correlating with immune activation. M1 macrophages, present in this subtype, promote tumor immune responses, which are reflected in the strong immune-related gene expression signature. This figure showcases the complex immune dynamics and transcriptional networks in the TIME. BioRender.com/q00f536