Table 2 The regulatory effects of CHM formulas on DOR

Bushen Cuyun Recipe

Polygon atumsibiricum Red., Discorea opposita L., Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf, Lycium barbarum L., Morus alba L., Rubus chingii Hu, Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J.Presl, Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Syzygium aromaticum (L) Merr. & L.M.Perry, Citrus × aurantium L

8-week-old Female SD rats

HPOA axis, granulosa cells in ovary against pyroptosis

NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, GSDMD, IL-18

[45]

Bushen Huoxue

Recipe

Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch., Astragalus menbranaceus Bunge., Dioscorea opposita Thunb., Cornus officinalis Sieb.et Zucc., Cuscuta chinensis Lam., Angelica sinensis Diels, Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., Paeonia lactiflora Pall, Paeonia suffruticosa Andr., Poria cocos Wolf

8-week-old Female C57BL/6J mice

Augmented autoimmunity

IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17 A, IL-6, IL-10T-bet, RORγ, Foxp3

[51]

Gengnianchun Formula

Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC, Epimedium acuminatum Franch, Paeonia lactiflora Pall, Lycium barbarum L., Carapax et plastrum Testudinis, Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge, Cuscuta australis R.Br, Morinda officinalis F.C.How, Cistanche deserticola Y.C.Ma, Phellodendron chinense Schneid, Coptis chinensis Franch., Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf, Bupleurum abchasicum Manden., Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, Conioselinum chinense (L.) Britton, Picea mariana Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.

6-8-week-old Female C57BL/6J mice

PI3K/AKT pathway

PTGS2, PTGS1, PGR, SCN5A, PRKCA, ADRB2, AR, HTR2A, NR3C2, ESR1

[59]

He’s Yangchao Recipe

Paeonia lactiflora pall, Cuscuta chinensis lam, Cistanche salsa (C.A.Mey.) beck, Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) diels, Rubus chingii Hu, Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr., Platycladus orientalis (Linn.) Franco

8-month-old Female C57BL/6J mice

Oxidative stress

ROS, JNK, p53, BAX

[72]

He’s Yangchao Recipe

Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr., Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, Platycladus orientalis (Linn.), Cuscuta chinensis Lam., Cistanche deserticola Y. C., Rubus coreanus Miq., Paeonia lactiflora Pall.

8-9-month-old Female ICR mice

Mitochondrial function, oxidative stress

ROS, SIRT3, SOD2, PCG1α, TFAM

[71]

ErZhiTianGui Decoction

Cuscuta chinensis, Ligustrum lucidum, Herba Ecliptae, Lycium chinense Mill, Angelica Sinensis, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Ligusticum wallichii, Paeonia lactiflora Pall, Rhizoma cyperi, Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata

36-week-old C57BL/6 female mice

Mitochondrial homeostasis, lipid peroxidation, ferroptosis, ovarian aging

PINK, Parkin, GPX4, ACSL4

[73]

Yangjing Zhongyu Decoction

Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC., Cornus officinalis Siebold & Zucc., Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, Paeonia lactiflora Pall.

6-8-week-old Female SD rats

Steroidogenesis, energy metabolism, cell apoptosis

SIRT1, PGC1α, NRF1, COX IV, FSHR, CYP19A1, PI3K, p-Akt, Akt, Bcl-2, Bax

[39]

Yangjing Zhongyu Decoction

Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC., Cornus officinalis Siebold & Zucc., Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, Paeonia lactiflora Pall.

7-8-week-old Female SD rats

RNA-m⁶A modification

METTL3, FTO, YTHDC2

[83]

Dingkun Pills

Panax ginseng C. A. Mey., Cervus Nippon Temminck, Crocus sativus L., Panax notoginsen (Burk.) F.H.Chen, Paeonia lactiflora Pall, Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch, Angelica sinensi (Oliv.) Diels, Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz., Lycium barbarum L., Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Cyperus rotundus L., Leonurus japonicus Houtt., Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., Asini Corii Colla, Corydalis yanhusuo W.T.Wang, Spatholobus suberectus Dunn, Carthamus tinctorius L., Leonurus japonicus Houtt., Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf, Bupleurum chinense DC., Lindera aggregate (Sims) Kosterm., Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., Zingiber officinale Rosc., Amomum villosum Lour., Cyathula officinalis Kuan, Cinnamomum cassia Presl

8-week-old female Balb/c mice

Inhibition of follicular apoptosis

Bax, Cyt C, Caspase-3, Bcl-2, PI3K, AKT, mTOR

[62]

Buchong Tiaojing Formula

Semen Cuscutae, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Radix Codonopsis, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Curcumae

8-week-old Female SD rats

Inhibit ovarian NLRP3 inflammasome, alleviate the degree of ovarian iron death

NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, ACSL4, TFR1, GPX4

[55]

Modified Guishen Pills

Semen Cuscutae, Epimedium, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Radix Bupleuri, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae

8-week-old Female ICR mice

PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway

PI3K, AKT, mTOR

[60]

Qilin Pills

Semen Cuscutae, Mulberry, Fructus Lycii, Fructus Rubi, Herba Cynomorii, Herba Ecliptae, Herba Epimedii, Radix Codonopsis, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Radix Astragali, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride, Radix Curcumae, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae

10-week-old C57BL/6 female mice

Reversing hypoxia and autophagy in ovaries

HIF-1α, Bnip3, Beclin-1

[75]

Wenzhong Bushen Formula

Astragalus membranaceus var. Mongholicus (Bunge) P.K.Hsiao, Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf., Dioscorea opposita Thunb., Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Ligusticum striatum DC., Paeonia lactiflora Pall., Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz., Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf., Evodia ruticarpa var. officinalis (Dode)

C.C.Huang, Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux, Euryale ferox Salisb., Piper nigrum L., Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Amomum villosum Lour., Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.

6-week-old ICR female mice

PI3K/AKT pathway

PI3K, AKT, FOXO3a

[61]

Modified Congrong Tusizi Decoction

Semen Cuscutae, Cistanche, Rhizoma Polygonati, Epimedii, Fructus Rubi, Fructus Corni, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Lycopi, Radix Linderae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Fructus Lycii

3-month-old Female SD rats

Improve mitochondrial dysfunction

AMPK, SIRT1, PGC-1α

[74]

Zihuai recipe

Placenta hominis, Dioscorea japonica Thunb., Cuscuta chinensis Lam., Lycium barbarum L., Astragalus menbranaceus Bunge., Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels., Epimedium brevicornu Maxim., Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi., Taxillus chinensis (DC.) Danser, Dipsacus inermis Wall., Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC., Cyperus rotundus L., Glycyrrhiza glabra L.

8-week-old Female SD rats

HPOA, PI3K/AKT pathway, apoptosis

caspase-3, BAX, Bcl-2, PI3K, AKT

[46]

Zuogui Pills

Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, Corni Fructus, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Cuscutae Semen, Lycii Fructus, Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, Testudinis Carapacis et Plastri Colla, Cervi Cornus Colla

8-week-old Female SD rats

Oxidative stress

Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, Oct4, MVH, Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1, P21

[76]

Yishen shugan Decoction

Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Ecliptae, Radix Glehniae, Herba Dendrobii, Radix Dipsaci, Herba Taxilli, Semen Cuscutae, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Rosa chinensis Jacq. var. Chinensis, Bupleuri Radix, Prunus mume, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, Persicae Semen, Dianthus superbus L, Puerariae Lobatae Radix, Glycyrrhiza

12-week-old Female SD rats

HPOA, PI3K/AKT pathway, apoptosis

PI3K, AKT, mTOR, Bcl-2, Bax

[47]

Yishen shugan Decoction

Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Rehmannia glutinosa, Ecliptae Herba, Glehnia littoralis, Dendrobii Caulis, Dipsaci Radix, Loranthaceae, Cuscuta chinensis, Cynanchum otophyllum Schneid, Rosa chinensis Jacq. var. Chinensis, Bupleuri Radix, Prunus mume, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, Persicae Semen, Dianthus superbus L, Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, Glycyrrhiza

12-week-old Female SD rats

Apoptosis

Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3

[40]

Yishen Tiaojing Formula

Rehmannia glutinosa, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum., Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Cornus officinalis Sieb et Zucc, Cistanche salsa, Cyperus rotundus L, Codonopsis pilosula, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, Astragalus membranaceus L, Ycii Fructus, Epimedium, Cuscuta chinensis, Fructus Alebiae

8-week-old Female SD rats

PI3K/AKT pathway

PTEN, PI3K, AKT

[63]

Yishen Tiaojing Formula

Rehmannia glutinosa, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Basiprionota bisignata, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Cornus officinalis Sieb et Zucc, Cistanche salsa, Cyperus rotundus L, Codonopsis pilosula, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, Astragalus membranaceus L, Lycii Fructus, Epimedium, Cuscuta chinensis, Fructus Alebiae

8-week-old Female SD rats

Apoptosis

caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax

[38]

Modified Yijing Decoction

Rehmannia glutinosa, Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Angelica sinensis, Cynanchum otophyllum Schneid, Ziziphus jujuba, Paeonia suffruticosa Andr, Glehnia littoralis, Bupleuri Radix, Eucommia ulmoides, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Morinda, Phyllolobium chinense, Cuscuta chinensis, Aucklandiae Radix

8-week-old Female SD rats

PI3K/AKT pathway

PI3K, AKT, mTOR

[64]

Modified Yijing Decoction

Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Radix Codonopsis, Semen Cuscutae, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Bupleuri

12-week-old Female SD rats

Transforming growth factor

AMH, INHB, BMP-15, TGF-β1, TGF-β1R

[65]

Modified Yijing Decoction

Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Semen Cuscutae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Radix Codonopsis, Radix Bupleuri

12-week-old Female SD rats

Apoptosis

Bcl-2, Bax

[41]

Yulin Formula

Cuscuta chinensis Lam., Lycium barbarum L., Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) diels, Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch., Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., Morinda officinalis How, Cistanche salsa (C.A.Mey.) beck, Epimedium brevicornum Maxim., Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss., Rubus chingii Hu

8-week-old Female SD rats

PI3K/AKT pathway

PI3K, PIP2, PIP3, AKT, p-AKT

[66]

Yulin Formula

Cuscuta chinensis Lam., Lycium barbarum L., Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) diels, Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch., Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., Morinda officinalis How, Cistanche salsa (C.A.Mey.) beck, Epimedium brevicornum Maxim., Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss., Rubus chingii Hu

8-week-old Female SD rats

Apoptosis

Caspase-3, Caspase-9, BAX, cytochrome C, PI3K, P-AKT

[42]